Nutrition is a cornerstone in the management of diabetes, as it significantly impacts glycemic control, weight management, and overall health. Diabetes, particularly Type 2, is closely linked to poor dietary habits, and managing it requires a multifaceted approach that includes both medical intervention and dietary modifications. Given the global rise in diabetes prevalence, understanding the role of nutrition in diabetes management is more crucial than ever. A well-structured diet can not only help regulate blood sugar levels but also address other associated risk factors such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, and kidney dysfunction. In managing diabetes, the focus is on optimizing macronutrient distribution—specifically, controlling the intake of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Carbohydrate counting, coupled with low glycemic index (GI) foods, is widely recommended to minimize postprandial blood sugar spikes. The type of fat consumed, particularly incorporating healthy fats from sources like olive oil, nuts, and fatty fish, plays an important role in improving insulin sensitivity and reducing inflammation. Adequate protein intake is also crucial in maintaining muscle mass and supporting metabolic function. Beyond macronutrients, micronutrient supplementation has been identified as an important factor in diabetes management. Nutrients such as magnesium, chromium, and vitamin D have shown potential benefits in improving insulin sensitivity and regulating blood glucose levels. Emerging research into functional foods such as probiotics, prebiotics, and dietary fiber further highlights their potential role in modulating the gut microbiome and improving glycemic control. Overall, an individualized dietary plan, coupled with lifestyle interventions, is crucial in effectively managing diabetes and preventing long-term complications.