Assam is a land of different ethnic groups which have their own language, culture, customs, tradition, historical background and so on. These ethnic groups wanted to protect their identity on the basis of these ‘identity symbols’. To maintain the distinct separate identity they have used the technique of Autonomy Movement to fulfill their manifold aspirations. Taking the point in mind, the paper tries to highlight the following objectives. (i) To describe the historical background of the Deori tribe. (ii) To explore the causes for the growth of Autonomy Movement of the Deori. (iii) To investigate the linkage in between the identity assertion and autonomy movement. (iv) To examine the phases of autonomy movement of the Deoris