Ethnopharmaco logical relevance Martynia annua L (Martyniaceae) is a well-known aquatic plant which has been used for the treatment of several disorders including skin disease, cough, inflammation, fever and many other disorders. Aim of the study To explore the immunomodulatory activity of extract of (MEMA) and (MEAC) of the plant. Materials and methods The immunomodulatory activity of MEMA and MEAC was evaluated using various in vivo models including the total and differential leukocyte count (TLC and DLC), nitroblue-tetrazolium reduction (NBT) test, neutrophil adhesion test, phagocytic response and delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction. Sheep red blood cells (SRBC, 5 × 109 cells/ml) were used to immunize the animals. NNRE and NNSE at the doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg were administrated.