The regulation of nutritional and supplemental foods in India has gained significant attention in recent years, driven by rising consumer demand for health-enhancing products and the need to ensure safety, efficacy, and accurate labelling. This paper examines the legal framework governing these products, focusing on the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006, and the role of the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI). Key provisions related to labelling, advertising, and compliance for manufacturers are analyzed, along with the challenges in enforcing these regulations. The paper also explores the classification of functional foods and dietary supplements, emphasizing the importance of standardizing nutritional claims and the processes for testing and certification. Recent amendments to food safety regulations are discussed, along with emerging trends in nutritional science that may shape future regulatory policies. Recommendations for improving regulatory oversight and addressing misinformation in the market are provided.