This paper explores the transformative potential of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies in revolutionizing crop health monitoring and disease detection within agricultural fields. With the global agricultural sector facing unprecedented challenges, including climate change, pest infestations, and diseases, there is a critical need for innovative solutions that can enhance productivity and sustainability. This study synthesizes current methodologies, identifies limitations, and showcases the integration of IoT technologies as a pivotal advancement in agricultural practices. Through a comprehensive review of literature and case studies, this paper highlights how sensors, data analytics, and machine learning algorithms are employed to provide real-time insights into crop health, facilitating early detection of potential diseases and distress signs. Despite the promising advancements, the paper also addresses the technical, economic, and social challenges hindering widespread adoption. Looking forward, it discusses emerging technologies and policy considerations that could further empower the agricultural sector, suggesting a future where smart farming driven by IoT becomes the norm rather than the exception. This research aims to contribute to the body of knowledge on smart agriculture, providing a foundation for future innovations and the development of sustainable farming practices.