Telangana, as a local and political organization was born on June 2, 2014 as the 29th province and the smallest region in the Union of India. However, as an economic, social, cultural and historical organization it has a glorious history of at least two thousand five hundred years or more. Megalithic stone structures such as cairns, cists, dolmen and menhirs found in several Telangana districts indicate that there were human settlements in this part of the country thousands of years ago. The fossils found in many areas show the gray roots of craftsmanship and tool making in Telangana for at least two thousand years. References to Asmaka Janapada, part of present-day Telangana, as one of the 16 Janapada in ancient India, confirms the existence of an advanced civilization. One of the first five Buddhist disciples, Kondanna is a common name from Telangana and although no specific information about his birthplace, the well-known ancient Buddhist township of Kondapur in the Medak region is believed to be after him. Buddha himself admitted that it was Kondanna who understood him better. Buddhist sources say that Bavari, a Brahmin of Badanakurti in Karimnagar, sent his disciples to northern India to study Buddhism and spread the message in this region. Megasthenes, who visited India in the 4th century BCE, wrote that there were 30 fortified cities of Andhras, most of which were in Telangana. At the time of history, Telangana had supplied major empires and empires such as the Satavahanas, Vakatakas, Ikshvakus, Vishnukundins, Chalukyas, Kakatiyas, Qutb Shahis and Asif Jahis.