This study investigates the extraction, phytochemical screening, and antipyretic activity of Rubia cordifolia, a medicinal plant traditionally used in Ayurveda. The hydroalcoholic extraction yielded 16.25%, revealing a diverse phytochemical profile, including alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, and phenols. Quantitative analysis indicated a total phenolic content of 0.412 mg/100 mg and a total flavonoid content of 0.612 mg/100 mg of dried extract. The antipyretic activity was assessed in albino Wistar rats, showing a dose-dependent reduction in rectal temperature after yeast injection. Although paracetamol demonstrated more pronounced effects, the hydroalcoholic extract of Rubia cordifolia exhibited potential antipyretic properties, particularly at higher doses. These findings support the traditional use of this plant in fever management and highlight the need for further research to explore its therapeutic potential.