A pervasive social problem, discrimination refers to treating people or groups unfairly or with prejudice because of their inherent qualities, including race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, religion, or handicap. This widespread issue affects people's chances, experiences, and well-being in a variety of ways across many spheres of society. Racial discrimination is one of the most severe types of prejudice, with its roots in systematic biases and historical injustices. Racial prejudice has historically contributed to disparities in healthcare, work, education, and the criminal justice system. Because of entrenched prejudices and systemic impediments, excluded communities still experience unequal access to opportunities, resources, and fair treatment despite advancements.