This paper explores the intricate relationship between nationalism and literature, focusing on Chinua Achebe’s seminal work Things Fall Apart. The novel, set in pre-colonial Nigeria and the early days of British colonization, serves as a powerful narrative reflecting the tensions and conflicts arising from the imposition of foreign rule on indigenous cultures. By analyzing Achebe’s portrayal of Igbo society, the impact of colonialism, and the resistance to cultural erasure, this paper argues that Things Fall Apart is not merely a literary masterpiece but also a vital text in understanding the role of literature in fostering nationalist sentiments. The study concludes by reflecting on the enduring relevance of Achebe’s work in contemporary discussions on nationalism and post-colonial identity.