This paper an attempt is made to discuss the expansion and importance of the Buddhist Culture of Hyderabad Deccan in general, particularly, in Phanigiri region of Nalgonda District in Telangana State. The great revival of interest in Buddhism in recent times is due in no small measure to the magnificent patronage best-owed by H.E.H. Nizam’s Government, for the preservation of the Buddhist monuments, sculptures and painting at Ajanta, Ellora and other places like Phanigiri in the State. Gauthama Buddha, the founder of Buddhism was a historical personality who lived between 563 and 483 B.C. It is not certain, whether Buddha travelled in the Deccan. There is, however, no doubt, that from about the beginning of the 3rd Century B.C. Buddhism received the patronage of the Deccan rulers and for about six hundred years, flourished side by side with Jainism and Hinduism.