This pilot study investigates the reliability and validity of a research instrument designed to measure the impact of Robotic Process Automation (RPA) in Human Resource Management (HRM) within the Maharashtra State Electricity Board (MSEB) in the Pune region. The questionnaire comprised demographic variables and 55 Likert-scale items across five dimensions: awareness of RPA, employee perspectives, challenges and limitations, impact on HRM functions, and future scope of RPA integration. Data were collected from 60 respondents to evaluate the internal consistency, construct validity, and feasibility of the instrument. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s Alpha, and validity was examined through the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measure, Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity, and exploratory factor analysis. The results demonstrated excellent reliability (overall Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.996) and meritorious validity (KMO = 0.867), with factor analysis indicating strong unidimensionality. These findings confirm that the research instrument is both reliable and valid, making it suitable for large-scale data collection in the main study. The pilot also highlighted demographic trends, with most respondents in the 26–35 age group and employed in recruitment, training, or payroll functions. This report contributes methodological rigor to the study of RPA in HRM and lays the foundation for comprehensive research on its impact on employee satisfaction, workload, job security, efficiency, and strategic HR functions.