Review Article on Bhedaneeya Mahakashaya

Abstract

Bhedaneeya Mahakashaya is referenced in Charaka Samhita, specifically in the fourth chapter of Sutrasthana. The term "Bhedana" translates to “Breakthrough.” This formulation consists of potent purgatives that transform solid waste (Mala), whether Baddh or Abaddh Mala, into liquid form and facilitate its expulsion through the Guda marg. This process is referred to as Bhedana. According to Charaka Samhita, each Mahakashaya comprises ten Dravyas. Bhedaneeya Mahakashaya includes those substances which enhance excretion and ranks fourth among fifty Mahakashayas listed. Essentially, these drugs eliminate imbalanced Doshas by displacing them from the body. Treatment approaches are classified into Shamana and Shodhana types. Shodhana involves the removal of imbalanced Doshas from the system. Virechana represents a specific Shodhana method under Panchakarma that incorporates purgation. Hence, the Dravyas classified within Bhedaniya Mahakashaya are perceived as Shodhniya Dravyas. This study aims to provide insight into Bhedaneeya Mahakashaya Dravyas discussed in Shadvirechana Shataashriteeya Adhyayaconcerning their morphological characteristics as well as pharmacognostical and pharmacological analyses.