Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have emerged as a pivotal development in the field of computer vision and image processing, providing a revolutionary toolkit for the analysis of visual data. Their impact is not limited to these specific areas but ripples across diverse domains, including healthcare, autonomous vehicles, and natural language processing. In this research paper, our goal is to offer readers a comprehensive grasp of CNNs by clarifying their fundamental principles and spotlighting the latest advancements in this dynamic field