This research paper provides an in-depth examination of the pivotal role played by antioxidants in the prevention of various diseases. Antioxidants, encompassing a diverse array of compounds found in foods and supplements, are instrumental in neutralizing free radicals and mitigating oxidative stress, a process implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous illnesses. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature, this paper explores the molecular mechanisms through which antioxidants operate and the scientific evidence supporting their efficacy in preventing conditions such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and inflammatory ailments. The review delves into the multifaceted nature of antioxidants, investigating their impact on cellular health, DNA stability, and immune system modulation. Additionally, the paper discusses the importance of obtaining antioxidants through a balanced diet and the potential risks associated with excessive supplementation. By synthesizing current research findings, this comprehensive review aims to contribute to the understanding of how antioxidants serve as critical players in the intricate landscape of disease prevention, providing insights that can inform future research directions and public health strategies