Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) plays pivotal role in numerous applications. However, the inadequate energy resources of wireless nodes posture a substantial challenge to the complete enactment and lifespan of WSNs. To address this issue, routing-based energy optimization techniques have emerged as crucial components in the design and management of WSNs. This work provides an overview of key strategies and approaches aimed at improving performance and prolonging the lifetime of WSNs through efficient routing schemes. The first focus of this abstract is on energy-efficient routing protocols. Traditional routing protocols may not be suitable for WSNs due to their resource constraints. Therefore, novel routing algorithms, such as energy-aware and load-balancing protocols, are explored to optimize energy consumption. These protocols aim to intelligently distribute the communication load among sensor nodes, minimizing energy wastage and thereby enhancing the overall network efficiency. Various data aggregation strategies, including spatial and temporal techniques, are discussed for their potential in enhancing energy efficiency in the network. Additionally, the work highlights the significance of dynamic and adaptive routing mechanisms. The effectiveness of the proposed routing-based energy optimization techniques is evaluated through simulations and real-world experiments. Performance metrics such as network lifetime, throughput, energy consumption, and packet delivery ratio are considered to assess the impact of these techniques on WSNs. The work concludes with a discussion of challenges, future research directions, and the broader implications of these energy optimization techniques for the advancement of Wireless Sensor Networks.