Karpasa(Gossypium herbaceum L.)FamilyMalvaceaeis known forits economic and medicinalvalues. This shrub is calledKarpasa in Sanskrit and Kapasa in Hindi.It is used in the Ayurvedic system of medicine. All parts of the plant are used for the treatment of various disorders.This communication offers an in-depth pharmacognostic analysis of three samples of Karpasa root. The study encompasses macroscopic and microscopic examinations, powder microscopy, preliminary phytochemical assessments, physicochemical tests, heavy metal analyses, microbiological screening, HPTLC (High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography) fingerprinting, and aflatoxin testing for the three samples.Physicochemical parameter tests were conducted, revealing average values across the three samples, including foreign matter at 2.63%, loss on drying at 1050C at 4.36%, alcohol soluble extractive at 15.26%, hexane soluble extractive at 1.57%, water-soluble extractive at 17.41%, total ash 5.53%, acid insoluble ash 1.36%. The fingerprint profile of the methanolic extract was obtained using HPTLC (High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography) with a toluene:ethyl acetate (7:3) mobile phase. 5% Methanolic-sulphuric acid derivatizing reagent was used to derivatize the TLC plate. Rf values and colour of the major spots were measured at 366 nm following derivatization at 366 nm and exposure to UV light. Aflatoxin (A1, B1, A2 & B2) test was performed and found absent, authenticated by comparing the Rf value and colour of the standard spots with the sample on the TLC plate.Following the execution of quantitative microbiological tests, several pathogens were shown to be absent, including total microbial count (TBC), yeast and mould, Salmonella sp./gm, Pseudomonas aeruginosa/gm, and Staphylococcus aureus/gm, while TBC was determined to be below WHO standards. After testing, heavy metal levels for Pb, Cd, As, and Hg were found to be within WHO guidelines. Set parameters can serve as benchmarks for quality assurance, plant identification in herbal ingredient formulations, and plant monograph creation.