Piper nigrum (Black pepper) is an important medicinal plant. It is one of the most popular spices and known among other spices as "The King of spices." Many tropical countries like Brazil, Indonesia, and India grow black pepper. The "King of spices," black pepper, is a common spice with a strong pungent aroma. From time immemorial, plant sources were used in traditional systems of medicine and day-to-day common use, such as in meal preparation and cosmetic purposes. This is due to their vast pharmacological potential with minimum side effects. Among the various species of the Piperaceae family, black pepper is one of the most popular due to its principle pharmacological component, piperine. Piperine is an alkaloid that has diverse pharmacological activities like antioxidant, anticonvulsant, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheal, immunomodulator, anticancer, etc. Due to some religious value of black pepper, its being popular from ancient time to modern generation. In the current narrative review of literature, we aimed to describe and delineate on the pharmacological properties of black pepper.