Since 1980, the incidence of asthma in children has risen by 160 percent, affecting over 5 million children in the United States. The National Asthma Education and Prevention Program offers recommendations for better asthma treatment. Through comprehensive education of doctors, children, and caregivers, the program's objectives are to reduce the frequency, severity, and expense of asthma exacerbations. Regular evaluation and monitoring, control of variables that contribute to or exacerbate symptoms, pharmacologic treatment, and education of children and their carers are the four components of asthma management. The recommendations suggest a progressive approach to pharmacologic treatment, with vigorous medication first to establish control and then a "drop down" to the bare minimum to maintain control. Short-acting beta2 agonists are primarily used to provide immediate symptom alleviation. In youngsters with persistent symptoms, long-term control medications should be explored. The most effective long-term anti-inflammatory medicines are inhaled corticosteroids. Long-acting beta2 agonists, cromolyn sodium and nedocromil, antileukotriene agents, and theophylline are among the other possibilities. In certain circumstances, each has benefits and drawbacks.