Food safety is a critical public health issue in India, governed by the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI), established under the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006. The FSSAI is responsible for framing regulations, setting standards, conducting surveillance, and ensuring compliance to safeguard the health of consumers. Despite its comprehensive legal framework, the implementation and enforcement of food safety standards face significant challenges. This research paper explores the legal issues related to the FSSAI, highlighting regulatory overlaps, enforcement inefficiencies, inadequate testing infrastructure and the need for greater consumer awareness. Regulatory overlaps and fragmentation within the food safety framework hinder effective governance. Coordination issues between central and state authorities lead to inconsistencies in the application of food safety regulations. Enforcement mechanisms are hampered by limited infrastructure, insufficient manpower, and bureaucratic delays, resulting in uneven compliance and inadequate monitoring. The lack of accredited laboratories and delays in testing and reporting compromise quality control processes. To address these challenges, the paper recommends streamlining the regulatory framework, strengthening enforcement mechanisms, expanding testing facilities, and providing support to SMEs. Enhancing consumer awareness through targeted educational programs and revising legal provisions to introduce stricter penalties and faster legal recourse are also suggested. By addressing these legal and practical issues, the FSSAI can better achieve its mandate of ensuring food safety and protecting public health in India. This research contributes to understanding the complexities of food safety governance and proposes actionable solutions for improvement.