The division of the nation made the shortage of food in the country even more severe. This resulted in a decrease in agricultural productivity, which exacerbated existing challenges for both food grains and commercial crops. The expansion of agricultural production is a necessary pre-condition for the expansion of the economy as a whole. The agricultural sector may be a significant driver of economic expansion if it is modernized. It does this by supplying the required capital, labor, raw materials, wage products, and foreign currency, all of which are essential to the growth of other parts of the economy, both at the beginning and during its course. Government of India took a proactive approach, and as a result, it developed a clearly defined strategy of integrated production programs with specified objectives, as well as a suitable distribution program, in addition to other steps for the general advancement of the economy of the nation. A number of distinct initiatives, including the use of innovative agricultural technologies, were launched in order to transform agriculture into a profitable and thriving industry, to increase agricultural output, and to bring additional land under cultivation. The use of innovative agricultural practices in India was more expensive than the use of conventional methods of crop production. In contrast, the inputs required for modern technology, such as high-yielding varieties of seeds, fertilizers, farm mechanization, and irrigation, were extremely expensive, and majority of Indian farmers did not have the financial means to purchase these pricey inputs.