The Maternity Benefit Act, 1961, amended in 2017, and subsequently integrated into the Social Security Code, 2020, stands as a pivotal legislative framework aimed at safeguarding the health and welfare of women employees during pregnancy and childbirth. This paper provides a detailed examination of the health benefits afforded to women employees under this act, emphasizing its significance as a cornerstone of social security legislation. This research paper delves into the Maternity Benefit Act, 1961, a crucial component of social security in India, aiming to ensure the welfare and protection of working women during pregnancy and postpartum. The paper discusses the historical context, objectives, provisions, impact, and challenges associated with the Act.