Background: Adults with hypertension have a systolic pressure greater than 140 mmHg and a diastolic pressure greater than 90 mmHg (1). Secondary hypertension is the correct term for hypertension brought on by (secondary to) established disease processes, such as kidney disease and arteriosclerosis of the renal arteries (2). It is not reasonable to refer to hypertension as primary or essential when it results from complex and poorly understood processes. Objective: To investigate the relationship between renal impairment and the clinical characteristics and side effects of essential hypertension Materials & Methods: Between May 2014 and April 2015, patients with a diagnosis of hypertension who visited the Santosh Medical College and Hospital in Ghaziabad's department of medicine were assessed using inclusion and exclusion criteria (May 2014 to April 2015). At the Santosh Medical College and Hospital in Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, a case-control research employing 100 patients as cases and 25 patients as controls was conducted on renal failure in critical hypertension. Results: 36 patients (36.0%) had hypertension with a duration of less than or equal to one year, 44 patients (44.0%) with a duration of one to five years, 3 patients (3.0%) with a duration of six to ten years, and 17 patients (17.0%) with a duration of eleven to twenty years. Conclusion: Based on demographic variables, assessment methods, and tools, renal impairment frequency differs between groups. Essential hypertension is characterized by increased LDL, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypercholesterolemia. In order to facilitate better categorization of absolute cardiovascular and renal risk factors, hypertensive subjects should have a more thorough evaluation of their renal function, especially in patients with hypertension that has been present for more than five years. The prevalence of hyperuricemia increases with patient age, hypertension duration, and severity.