IJFANS International Journal of Food and Nutritional Sciences

ISSN PRINT 2319 1775 Online 2320-7876

Effect of Chelators on phytoextraction of Cadmium by Indian mustard from industrial effluent contaminated soil

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Sonal Vishnoi Manju Bala and Dinesh

Abstract

A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the Cd phytoextraction potential of three Indian mustard plant genotypes, namely, RH - 819, Varuna and Rh-9304, in a light soil from sand dune areas of Balsamand, Hisar. Five levels of Cd concentration ranging from 0-120 mg kg-1 soil were taken for the study. The toxicity symptoms were recorded; biomass production, Cd concentration and finally the Cd uptake were measured to screen the best Cd tolerant Indian mustard genotype. The plants were harvested at maturity. Results of the study showed that symptoms of chlorosis, yellowing and burning of lower leaves and poor growth were more prominent with the increasing level of Cd and finally drastic reduction in dry matter yield was recorded at Cd60 and Cd90 levels. Moreover at Cd120 level, only genotype RH-819 was survive with acute chlorosis, burning of leaves and producing 1.16 g pot-1 dry matter yield even though having highest Cd concentration 68.67 µg g-1. Overall, growth of genotype RH-819 was better as compared to other two genotypes. The mean dry matter yield was highest (18.32 g pot-1) in RH-819 followed by Varuna (14.75 g pot-1) and RH-9304 (12.68 g pot-1). The shoot Cd concentration significantly and progressively increased with the increasing additions of Cd. Similar to the dry matter yield, the mean Cd concentration was highest (30.94 µg g-1) in shoot of RH 819. It was 4.84 per cent higher than Varuna and 15.96 per cent higher than RH-9304. The results further indicated that the mean Cd uptake by shoot was significantly more in RH-819 as compared to Varuna and RH-9304. In RH-819 it was 47.08 per cent higher than Varuna and 76.24 per cent than RH 9304. In all the three genotypes, the Cd uptake by shoot increased significantly up to Cd30 treatment and thereafter it decreased significantly in comparison to this level. On the basis of highest Cd uptake and biomass production RH-819 genotype was found best accumulator among three genotypes of Indian mustard.

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