In general, traditional herbal treatments are safe and effective for treating a broad variety of conditions, whether they are acute or chronic. They have played a crucial role in the advancement of medical treatment all around the globe. Diseases and conditions include high blood pressure, diabetes, cancer, diabetes mellitus, sluggish wound healing, asthma, pharyngitis, and tuberculosis are sometimes treated using herbal plants as a natural alternative (TB). Due to their various pharmacological qualities, plants containing bioactive phylomedicine components as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and polyphenols have been utilized to cure ailments. For a long time, India has been recognized as a source of several beneficial plants, and many herbal medical practices have been recognized as "living traditions." However, there is no information on the most important medicinal plants used in India or the present status of research into these plants. Therefore, the primary purpose of this study is to identify and summaries the most widely cultivated Indian medicinal herbs. For this purpose, we shall review articles from scholarly journals in India and beyond. This study focuses mostly on the most popular Indian medicinal plants, their extracts, and the pharmacological qualities they possess, including those that are antimicrobial, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, etc. This research aims to provide a comprehensive scientific evaluation of the most important phyto compounds and their pharmacological effects, paving the way for the development of novel ethno medicine.