Solar distillation has proven to be a cost-effective and environmentally friendly method, especially in rural areas. To tackle the problem of decreased distillate output in passive solar stills, many active distillation techniques have been created. The solar still is a handy device for distilling brackish water for drinking. A review of different sorts of sun stills has been done in this article. This page gives a comprehensive overview of several studies on solar energy distillation systems conducted throughout the years. This analysis will also shed light on the need for additional research and recommendations in the field of active solar distillation. In the underdeveloped world, unclean water and sanitation are responsible for 80% of all infections. Solar water disinfection systems that use photo catalysts and UV radiation have shown to be one of the most effective technologies for water purification, particularly in remote areas of underdeveloped countries.