Asthma is Canada's most prevalent respiratory disease. Despite considerable advancements in asthma diagnosis and treatment, the majority of Canadians with asthma continue to have poor control. Control may be accomplished in the majority of individuals, however, via the use of avoidance tactics and suitable pharmaceutical treatments. For the vast majority of patients, inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) constitute the mainstay of treatment. Most people who fail to establish control with ICS treatment prefer combination ICS/long-acting beta2-agonists (LABA) inhalers. Allergen-specific immunotherapy has the potential to be a disease-modifying treatment for many asthma patients, but it should only be given by allergy specialists. Asthma treatment also requires regular assessment of asthma control, adherence to medication, and proper inhaler technique. This article offers an overview of current research as well as recommendations for diagnosing and treating asthma.