Nanotechnology is one of the leading technology due to its physical, chemical and biological properties with improved biopharmaceutical consideration. Nanoparticles are distinguished according to their size, shape, composition. The review represents the overview about the nanotechnology aplications , history of nanoparticles with their types and different method of preparations of nanoparticles such as solvent evaporation method, Emulsion diffusion method, salting out method , high sheer homogenisation method, polymerisation and coacervation method . It also highlights the different characterisation methods and a focused on need for nanoparticles explained as per their applications in variety.