Background: The most common cause of diabetic nephropathy isend- stage renal disease (ESRD). The prevalence of DKD remains high despite rigorous treatments such as hyperglycemic management, blood pressure control, and the use of renin-angiotensin system blockades. Recent research reveals that the DKD spectrum has shifted, and that much progress has been made in developing new DKD treatments. As a result, it's past time to conduct a systemic evaluation of recent DKD advances. The aim of this review paper was to investigate the knowledge regarding the diabetic nephropathy. This disease condition involves the management and prevention of diabetes kidney disease. Result: Selection of data has been done by studying a combination of research and review paper from different data bases like pub med, NCBI, science direct, and web of science from 1991-2017 by using keywords like “Diabetic kidney disease”, “microalbuminuria”, “proteinuria”, “antihypertensive treatment”, “glomerular filtration rate”, “glycemic control”, “End stage renal disease”. Conclusions: The variety of DKD's clinical presentation and progress has crucial implications for its diagnosis, prognosis, and possibly treatment. Patients with type 2 diabetes with compromised renal function now have a wider range of treatment alternatives, allowing for better management of these patients.