The present study has been designed to investigate the difference in the academic achievement of urban and rural area students of secondary level. The study was conducted over the sample of 300 students (150 urban and 150 rural) of class 10th of different schools of Hoshangabad (MP). Annual high school examination marks were used to measure students’ academic achievement. Results indicate that no significant difference has been found in the academic achievement between the urban and rural area boys/students of secondary level while a significant difference found in the academic achievement between the urban and rural area girls of secondary level.