ASSESSMENT OF FLUORIDE CONCENTRATION IN GROUNDWATER: A CASE STUDY OF JATUSANA BLOCK, REWARI DISTRICT, HARYANA

Abstract

This study assesses fluoride contamination in groundwater across villages of Jatusana Block, Rewari District, Haryana. Groundwater samples from 55 villages were analyzed using the Ion-Selective Electrode (ISE) method to measure fluoride levels. Results indicated fluoride concentrations ranging from 0.1 mg/l to 1.2 mg/l. Most villages had fluoride levels within the World Health Organization’s (WHO) safe drinking water limit (≤1.0 mg/l). However, villages like Khushpura, Sihas, Basota, and Jaruwas exhibited elevated fluoride concentrations (≥1.1 mg/l), posing risks of dental and skeletal fluorosis. Statistical analysis demonstrated that fluoride distribution varied significantly across the region, highlighting localized health risks. The median fluoride concentration was approximately 0.5 mg/l, with most samples falling between 0.4 mg/l and 0.7 mg/l. This variability emphasizes the need for targeted public health interventions, including fluoride removal techniques in areas of high fluoride and potential fluoride supplementation where levels are low (≤0.2 mg/l). Regular monitoring, community awareness programs, and improved water management policies are recommended to safeguard public health and ensure sustainable water quality across Jatusana Block.