Sweet potato leaves (Ipomoea batatas) are a nutritionally rich yet underutilized resource, offering significant potential for enhancing food security and promoting health. This review explores recent advancements in the development and standardization of processing and preservation technologies for sweet potato leaves, highlighting their chemical composition, bioactive compounds, and medicinal properties. Sweet potato leaves contain high levels of essential nutrients such as vitamins A, C, B6, calcium, and iron, as well as antioxidants, polyphenols, and flavonoids. These bioactive compounds contribute to their health-promoting properties, including anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, cardio-protective, and antimicrobial effects. Despite their potential, sweet potato leaves are underutilized in many parts of the world, particularly in regions facing food insecurity. This review discusses various methods to incorporate sweet potato leaves into diets, such as soups, salads, and powdered forms, and emphasizes the importance of sensory evaluation in developing consumer-acceptable products. Sensory tests on sweet potato leaf soup revealed high consumer acceptability, with positive scores for appearance, texture, flavor, and overall acceptability, suggesting strong potential for the leaves as a food product. Furthermore, the potential use of sweet potato leaves as animal feed, contributing to improved protein intake and growth performance, is discussed. This review also highlights the need for more research into consumer education and improving flavor profiles to enhance the wider adoption of sweet potato leaves in modern diets. Sweet potato leaves offer significant potential as a sustainable and nutritious food source. By developing effective preservation methods and raising awareness of their health benefits, sweet potato leaves could play a vital role in improving nutrition, particularly in food-insecure regions. The standardization of processing techniques is crucial for unlocking the full potential of this underutilized crop.