This review aims to raise awareness about diabetic eye diseases, including diabetic retinopathy (DR) and ocular angiosarcoma (ASO), which pose a significant risk of blindness among elderly widows. The challenging life of widows in this region, marked by economic and social isolation, contributes to various health issues, including heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, depression, and dementia. ASO, a rare malignant tumor, is characterized by neovascularization, neuroinflammation, and edema in ocular tissue. DR can progress to ASO when factors like diabetes, hypertension, and aging lead to increased oxidative stress. In the retina, microglia play a crucial role in causing inflammation, discomfort, and neurodegeneration, leading to vision loss. Key agents like AGE, VEGF, PKC, PARP, MMP9, NFkB, PDL-1, FVIII, and VWF are implicated in ocular neovascularization, neuroinflammation, and edema. The study focuses on identifying retinoprotective medications that can effectively treat DEDs by targeting the underlying mechanisms of neovascularization and neuroinflammation in the eye, providing potential therapeutic approaches for patients' benefit.