This paper examines the evolution of digital relays for transmission line safety. A selective high-speed clearance of faults on high-voltage transmission lines is crucial for a modern power grid, and this report outlines effective and promising fault identification, classification, and fault position implementations in power transmission line safety. Computerized relays, digital communication technologies, and other technological advances are being developed in this region to eliminate cascading failures and enable safer, more stable, and more efficient power systems. Efforts have been made to incorporate almost all transmission line safety strategies and philosophies. This study focuses on the most recent techniques in transmission line security, such as artificial neural networks, fuzzy logic, fuzzy neuro, fuzzy logic-wavelet based, and phasor measurement unit-based principles, as well as other traditional approaches