The extent to which bacteria are removed from the area during cavity preparation and before a restoration is placed may increase the lifetime of the restoration and, consequently, the success of the restorative treatment. During cavity preparation, it is seen to be a challenging clinical procedure to completely eradicate microorganisms from a tooth that has been afflicted by caries. The vitality of the pulp may be harmed by attempts to totally dig significant carious tissue using just mechanical techniques, which could also compromise the tooth structure. Therefore, after caries excavation, disinfecting the cavity preparation can help remove bacterial leftovers that may be to blame for recurrent caries, postoperative sensitivity, and restoration failure. However, dental practitioners and academics have been quite concerned about the effects of disinfectants on the restorative procedure. In order to assist dental professionals in making the clinical decision to use cavity disinfectants during restorative procedures, this review aims to explore the body of existing literature, provide information about various materials and techniques that have been used for disinfecting cavity preparations, and describe their effects and effectiveness in operative dentistry. This research assessed the effectiveness of antimicrobials, their impact on dental restorations and pulp, as well as any potential negative consequences.