Lighting accounts for a large part of a building's energy usage. Automatic lighting control systems save energy by reducing lamp running times depending on variables such as occupancy, time of day, and daylight availability. Lighting control may be accomplished using a variety of methods. At the moment, one of the major areas of electrical engineering research is energy efficiency. The increasing need to preserve diminishing global resources, as well as growing worries about the environmental effect of traditional energy sources, has prompted greater research and attention to find more efficient and smarter methods to utilize electrical energy. Reduced energy use implies lower energy bills, less strain on the grid, and less environmental effect. These technologies vary in terms of input parameters, control technique, control algorithm, installation cost, commissioning difficulty, and so on. Each control system has its own set of variables that influence its success in terms of energy savings and user acceptability. The purpose of this article is to look at the many kinds of control systems, the development of their associated technologies, the savings claimed from their use, and the variables that influence their performance.